Türkiye 2014-2015

The post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction was adopted at the Third World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, held from 14 to 18 March 2015 in Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, which represented a unique opportunity for countries to:

(a) Adopt a concise, focused, forward-looking and action-oriented post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction;

(b) Complete the assessment and review of the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters;

Under the new National Social Security Fund Act in 2013, migrant workers can enjoy social security through the emigration benefits drawing a small fration of their earnings.

To facilitate legal channels of migration, Kenya passed the Citizenship and immigration Act, 2011, the Employment Act, 2007 and the Labour Institutions Act. Regulations governing private recruitment agencies require recruitment agencies to charge from their principals a service fee to cover services rendered in the recruitment, documentation and placement of workers so that the migrant workers are not burdened with this cost.

In January 2015, work permits and quotas for work permits for foreign nationals from visa-free countries were cancelled, and replaced with a visa-free system that requires these employees to obtain licenses before they take up employment with companies, individual entrepreneurs, lawyers or notaries. The benefits for employers of this new licensing system are significant reductions in the bureaucracy involved in issuing work permit quotas to foreign workers, as well as in the number of irregular migrants.

Regarding the recognition of skills and qualifications, in partnership with the Swedish National Employment Agency, Moldova is consolidating its own National Employment Agency with the use of the latest tools and information technology, such as e-job fairs. An internship portal has recently been launched which motivates young Moldovans to return back home even for short periods of time. Moldova is undergoing projects on supporting migrants’ employment and skills recognition at the regional level.

The EMP report is a country-owned tool, prepared in consultation with a broad range of government and non-government stakeholders, to be used to enhance policy coherence, evidence-based policymaking and the mainstreaming of migration into development planning.   

Moldova has entered into visa-free agreements with the EU countries, Turkey, the Western Balkan states and a few Latin American countries. Learning from the experience of Australia, Moldova launched in August 2014 the e-visa system that gives access to citizens of other countries to travel easily to Moldova. 

In 2011, Mexico passed a law on migration which does not criminalize irregular migrants in the country. The new law guarantees that foreigners and Mexican nationals will receive equal treatment under Mexican law and decriminalizes undocumented immigration, reducing it to an administrative infraction, punishable with a fine of up to 100 days' worth of minimum wage. Under this equality principle all immigrants, regardless of status, nationality, or ethnicity, are granted the right to education and healthcare and are entitled to due process.

The Seasonal Worker Program aims to contribute to Pacific islands’ and Timor-Leste’s economic development objectives while assisting Australian employers who cannot source local labour.  Citizens of Kiribati, Nauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu are able to participate in the programme.   

Australia’s immigration system has evolved to place emphasis on employer-sponsored, demand driven migration developed through broad consultations and programs with a wide range of stakeholders. A cornerstone of its migration program is labour market assessment (through the use of independent and accredited bodies with specialized knowledge of particular occupations), as well as consultations with the industry and the wider public through blogs, discussion papers and surveys.