Objective 2: Minimize the adverse drivers and structural factors that compel people to leave their country of origin

The Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention) it is the world’s first continental instrument that legally binds governments to protect the rights and wellbeing of people forced to flee their homes by conflict, violence, disasters and human rights abuses. The convention is a shared framework, but the continent’s diverse realities and challenges mean that individual countries have taken different approaches to it.

The objectives of this Convention are to

In view of the developmental impact of migration, Bangladesh has declared migration as a major thrust sector in Bangladesh, and as such migration has found extensive place throughout the Sixth "Five Year Plan" of Bangladesh which operates from 2011-2015. Major actions have also been initiated on migration governance. These include activities in legislative, policy, and institutional areas.

Following the Valetta Summit on Migration, the EU agreed on the Valetta Action plan --an extensive, balanced and efficient implementation plan built around five priority fields:

• addressing root causes of irregular migration
• promoting legal migration and mobility
• reinforcing of protection
• preventing and fighting smuggling and human trafficking
• strengthening cooperation in return and reintegration.

In 2016 IFAD launched its 6th Global Call for Proposals: Scaling Up Remittances (SURE) aiming at financing innovative models to increase economic opportunities for the rural poor by leveraging the impact of remittances and diaspora investment for rural development.

The CTRS project is an initiative of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) in Tunisia. The project interventions focus on cooperation with the Tunisian Government in line with its efforts in strengthening Tunisia’s links with its diaspora and to promoting the diaspora’s engagement in Tunisia’s national and local development.

The project aims at acknowledging the competences and skills of Tunisians living in Switzerland with view to strengthening their contribution to the socio-economic development of Tunisia in four areas:

The SECO Start-up Fund is a risk capital vehicle launched in 1997 by the Swiss Goverment. The Fund is fully owned by the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) and is an instrument of SECO’s Economic Cooperation and Development Division. The Fund is managed by FinanceContact Ltd., a Zürich-based private management company.

The Nabro Volcano in the sparsely populated Southern Red Sea region of Eritrea unexpectedly erupted for the first time on record on June 12, 2011, with very little warning, and bearing significant societal and environmental consequences during several days of eruption. Most of the impacts of the volcano fell on the Eritrean village of Siroru. At the same time, strong seismic activities occurred on the other side of the border in Ethiopia, at the Mallahle volcano area.

The overall objective of the action is to contribute to the development of a regional dialogue and consultation on migration, climate change and the environment. The action will achieve this by organising two regional consultations in West Africa as well as a series of national workshops in Benin, Togo and Guinea-Bissau to enhance the knowledge, capacities and cooperation, both at the national level and among West African countries, on the potential migration can play in establishing adaptation measures in countries adversely impacted by the effects of sudden and slow onset climate change.

As part of the European Agenda on Migration, the European Union has launched the European Trust Fund for Africa. Through funding specific projects linked to the creation of employment opportunities, the enhancement of food and nutrition security or the improvement of migration management, the objective of the Fund is to foster stability along the migration route to Europe and work with African partners.