Objective 2: Minimize the adverse drivers and structural factors that compel people to leave their country of origin

The Green Morocco Plan, launched in April 2008, is a very ambitious strategy that aims to make the Moroccan agricultural sector a real lever of socio-economic development in the Kingdom, through the acceleration of growth, poverty reduction and the consolidation of the integration of agriculture into national and international markets.

The strategy is built around a comprehensive approach that covers all stakeholders according to their own objectives. It is based on two major pillars: modern and solidarity-based agriculture.

On behalf of the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), the Global Programme on Human Mobility in the Context of Climate Change (GP HMCCC) supports its partners in the Caribbean, East Africa, the Pacific, the Philippines and West Africa in better understanding and addressing the complex, multi-causal interrelations between different forms of human mobility (migration, displacement and planned relocation) and climate change.

Implemented on behalf of BMZ, the programme offers advice to government and civil society partners with the objective of reaching a coordinated and holistic migration policy, improving networking among multiple actors, and strengthening cooperation between political entities. The inclusion of civil society in the process contributes to checks and balances in Niger's fragile democratic system and reduces the risk of conflict. To this end, the project has supported an initiative of the local NGO "Youth-childhood-migration-development" to create a civil society network on migration.

Together with the International Organization for Migration (IOM), UNDP is supporting eleven countries—Bangladesh, Ecuador, Jamaica, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Morocco, Nepal, the Philippines, Serbia, Senegal and Tunisia, to continue to address the plight of migrants and their host communities by supporting national and local governments to mainstream migration into development plans.

Across Latin America and the Caribbean, Banking on Women helps financial institutions offer women entrepreneurs financial and non-financial services such as advisory support. Through Banking on Women, IFC has supported female entrepreneurs with direct investments, mobilized investments, and advice through banks in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, and Mexico.

 Professor Muhammad Yunus, the founder of “Grameen Bank” decided to reverse conventional banking practice by removing the need for collateral and creating a banking system based on mutual trust, accountability, participation, and creativity. The “Grameen Bank” provides credit to the poorest of the poor in rural Bangladesh, without any collateral as a cost-effective weapon to fight poverty.

Many historic town and city centers in El Salvador have suffered years of neglect and a lack of investment. Through a program of training, funding and collaboration, a network of organizations including FUNDASAL (the Salvadorian foundation for development and adequate housing), FESCOVAM (the Salvadorian federation of mutual aid housing cooperatives) and FUCVAM (the Uruguayan federation of mutual aid housing cooperatives) has worked to help the local community to set up the first five mutual aid housing cooperatives in the city’s historic center.

The 2030 National Development Strategy of Dominican Republic, recognizes that migration, both in terms of migration flows and immigration flows, has important implications for the country. Although the national strategy paper recognizes the positive contribution that migration can make to development, it focuses primarily on the challenges posed by migration and especially immigration, such as the lack of education of Dominican migrants and unskilled labor.

Social innovation initiatives have been launched in many countries to find solutions to local challenges involving migrants, refugees and host communities in social entrepreneurship ventures.

Numerous programs empower young people to identify challenges in their communities and to create entrepreneurial solutions to address these barriers. Through a combination of training, mentorship and in some cases seed funding, youth learn transferable skills to become social innovators and entrepreneurs.

Some examples of these programs (see links below) are:

GIZ supports the National Programme for Sustainable small-scale Irrigation in Mali through job creation in two value chains with high employment potential, fishery and horticulture, in the region of Kayes, particularly affected by emigration.