PFP Session

Tools to Advance Sustainable Development Outcomes

Swiss Development Cooperation Agency, IOM, and UNDP

• Policy challenge: The need for policy coherence and cooperation across all development sectors and levels of governance, and integrating migration into planning frameworks connected with budgeting.
• Solution or approach: Tools developed by IOM and UNDP to support the SDG implementation with a view to fostering sustainable development outcomes. Four exemplary programs: 1. Migration Governance Indicators, 2. Guidance for UNCTs and governments on mainstreaming migration into MAPs and UNSDCFs, 3. Joint IOM UNDP Programme “Migration work for Sustainable Development ”, and 4. “Migration and the 2030 Agenda: Guide for practitioners”

EU Diaspora Facility

France and ICMPD/EU

• Policy challenge: TThe dialogue and collaboration between diaspora organizations, countries of origin, the EU and its Member States has been fragmented.
• Solution or approach: The EU Diaspora Facility (EUDiF) is an EU-funded project implemented by ICMPD that aims to become a trusted partner in helping governments of origin and diaspora organizations to engage and collaborate more effectively with each other and with the EU in development efforts. Concrete examples: mapping diaspora engagement, capacity building, mobilizing dialogue expertise, and exchanging ideas.

KNOMAD 1.2

European Commission, World Bank, and KNOMAD

• Policy challenge: Changing and challenging landscape on migration makes undertaking pilot projects and stronger commitments more demanding.
• Solution or approach: KNOMAD serves as a brains trust for the global migration community. Concrete examples: recruitment cost indicators (with ILO), support of local governments, methodology to assess reintegration outcomes of returnees and integration of migrants, reduction of remittance costs, and safe and regular labor mobility programs.

Monitoring progress on migrants’ socioeconomic integration in Latin America and the Caribbean

Colombia, OECD, and UNDP

• Policy challenge: Migrants’ socioeconomic integration is a growing challenge for Latin America and Caribbean countries.
• Solution or approach: National indicator systems: indicators of integration help not only monitor outcomes, but also focus policy intervention (Settling In). OECD/ UNDP initiative would also develop extensive information on the demographic characteristics of immigrants and their children.

Red Cross and Red Crescent Humanitarian Service Points:Reducing Vulnerability and Enhancing Resilience of Migrants

Colombia, IFRC, and Adrienne Arsht Rockefeller Foundation Resilience Center

• Policy challenge: Access to humanitarian assistance is not readily available to all migrants.
• Solution or approach:Red Cross and Red Crescent Humanitarian Service Points are designed to save lives and reduce suffering along migratory trails. Assistance may include emergency first aid and maternal healthcare, shelter, food, psychosocial support, Restoring Family Links, information about rights and/or referrals to specialized services.

Migration and Development Policy Reviews(MDPRs)

Italy and OECD Development Centre

• Policy challenge: Development is being challenged like never before due to disrupting technologies, social, demographic, and environmental challenges.
• Solution or approach:The OECD Development Centre proposes a diagnostic tool for building comprehensive migration and development policy for both developing economies and development cooperation partners. For example, the MDPRs provide an overall assessment of the potential of migration and development policy in countries by either evaluating existing strategies or providing support to establish new ones.

Migration and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: an interactive tool

Switzerland and ODI

• Policy challenge: The relationship between migration and development is increasingly understood, but how migration affects development outcomes remains under-explored. The lack of opportunities and investment in origin countries can drive migration. At the same time, migration can improve investment in origin countries, fill labour gaps and foster innovation in destination countries, and can contribute to development along the journey. Therefore, migration can help achieve the goals of the 2030 Agenda. Yet, we also know that migration can negatively impact development.
• Solution or approach:ODI and Switzerland jointly presented an interactive online tool aimed at better understanding the impact of migration on the achievement of all 17 SDGs and the impact this achievement will have on future migration patterns.

People on the Move in the Context of Disasters and Climate Change: Addressing their Assistance and Protection Needs in the Global Compact for Migration

Bangladesh, PDD, IOM and UNHCR

• Solution or approach: The presentation explored ways of enhancing the action and scaling up commitments and partnerships aimed at addressing displacements and other forms of human mobility in the context of disasters, environmental degradation, and the adverse effects of climate change, in ways which are consistent with international legal frameworks and standards. More specifically, it focused on disaster and climate change related commitments and policy instruments listed under objectives 2, 5 and 23 of the GCM, and made proposals on how to support their implementation.

Towards Comprehensive Global Guidance on Developing and Implementing Bilateral Labour Migration Arrangements (BLAs)- Unpacking Key Obstacles to Implementation in the African Region

Sweden, ILO, IOM

• Solution or approach:The presentation highlighted the results and lessons learned from the joint “ILO-IOM Stocktaking study and recommendations for the development and implementation of BLAs by the African Union Member States." This joint initiative, supported by the Government of Sweden, aims to provide comprehensive and coordinated global guidance in the area of BLAs. Member States and other partners had the opportunity to learn more on opportunities and challenges, practical tools used in developing, negotiating, and implementing BLAs, as well as to provide their own examples of working with BLAs.

Remittances for Africa: reducing costs and maximising impact for development

European Union, IFAD

• Solution or approach:The European Commission and IFAD presented a new €15 million programme called PRIME (Platform for Remittances, Investments and Migrants’ Entrepreneurship), aimed at reducing the costs of remittances and maximising their impact for development in Africa. This initiative responds to the need of addressing both Objective 20 of the new GCM - on promoting faster, safer and cheaper transfer of remittances and foster migrants’ financial inclusion - and the achievement of target 10.c of the SDGs, aiming at reducing to less than 3 percent the transaction costs of migrants’ remittances while eliminating corridors with costs higher than 5 per 5 by 2030.

African Cities’ Initiative on Migration: Towards Fighting against all Forms of Discrimination

Morocco, UNESCO, National Human Rights Council, and UCLG-Africa

• Solution or approach:The African Cities’ Initiative on Migration aims to support local authorities - municipal authorities in particular - in the implementation of social inclusion policies for people on the move. The issue of integration and social inclusion of people on the move is becoming a major political and ethical imperative. When people feel distrust and systemic exclusion vis-à-vis institutions, populism and hate speech prosper.

Sending Money Home : Outcomes from theGlobal Forum on Remittances, Investment and Development(GFRID)

IFAD

• Policy challenge: how to harness the potential and leverage the impact of remittances? How to reduce remittance costs- in line with SDG 10.c
• Solution or approach:Sustain partnerships with regional, global and financial institutions to raise awareness on the importance of remittances; improve remittance data collection – consider how to measure these activities to ensure that the contribution of remittances to development is maximized

The importance of vertical and horizontal policy coherence in migration and development: an integral approach to mainstreaming migration into development planning

UNDP and IOM Joint Migration and Development Initiative (JMDI)

• Policy challenge: The need for policy coherence – synergies that advance shared objectives and minimize negative side effects of policies
• Solution or approach:Mainstream migration into development planning at local and national levels; link through multi-level coordination. Two exemplary programs: 1. “JMDI” to provide policy-makers and practitioners with evidence-based recommendations and 2. “Mainstreaming Migration into National Development Policies”to better measure and make more visible the human development impacts of migration.

The Role of Employment Services in Skills Matching of Migrant Workers

ILO

• Policy challenge:Large numbers of employers report difficulties in finding suitable skilled workers and existing tools often lack the capacity to carry out such work.
• Solution or approach:ILO partnered with a range of national and international partners from 2008 to 2015 to carry out a sub-regional coordinating project and streamline a regional process of certification of competencies.

Promoting health financing and coverage of migrants for sustainable development

IOM and WHO

• Policy challenge:Migration health is perceived as costly and current models of social protection in migrant’s health are limited. Countries of origin are remittance-dependent, while countries of destination are dependent on legal status, leading to no portability and poor coverage for those in the informal sector.
• Solution or approach:Governments and organizations should strengthen bilateral and multilateral arrangements, mainstream the topic in health and migration debates, and engage in close partnerships among a range of stakeholders.

Development of a comprehensive policy for promoting reintegration of returning Moldovan migrants. Targeted programming for highly qualified returning migrants

Republic of Moldova

• Policy challenge:Facilitating the sustainability of Moldovan returnees and shortages in the national labour market
• Solution or approach:The Moldovan government together with IOM implemented a program that encourages the return of university graduates from abroad and returning labour migrants. It offered returnees with professional placements, a monthly living allowance and travel costs. Criteria was implemented for beneficiaries to promote and encourage competitiveness among the applicants.

Diaspora Engagement Hub- Leveraging Human and Financial Potential Towards National and Local Development

Republic of Moldova, IOM

• Solution or approach:The Republic of Moldova and IOM have jointly designed, launched and started piloting the innovative program of the Diaspora Engagement Hub. It is aimed at facilitating and leveraging the active participation of diaspora representatives in the social and economic development of their country of origin and the empowerment of diaspora communities in the country of destination. Key elements of the Diaspora Engagement Hub are flexibility, national ownership and sustainability

Interrelations between Public Policies, Migration and Development

Georgia, European Union, OECD

• Solution or approach:The project aims to provide policy makers with evidence on the way migration influences specific sectors – labour market, agriculture, education, investment and financial services, and social protection and health – and, in turn, how sectoral policies affect four dimensions of the migration cycle: emigration, remittances, return and immigration. The findings suggest that the impacts on households are still relatively limited, despite the progress that has been made in the (global) discussions on migration and development.

Reducing Recruitment Costs

Bangladesh, World Bank, ILO

• Solution or approach:The Global Knowledge Partnership on Migration and Development (KNOMAD) of the World Bank and ILO worked jointly on a methodology on how to measure recruitment costs, and have constructed a novel cross-country dataset on recruitment costs. The preliminary results of this data collection have several implications for policies on reducing recruitment costs, which is of vital importance for achieving SDG target 10.7 of the Agenda 2030. It was also pointed out that many people are incurring high costs in going abroad because of the lack of opportunities at home, and that a large part of the movement of migrant workers is South-to-South.

Increasing Gender Responsive Legislation at the National Level: Methods and Successes

Philippines, UN Women

• Solution or approach:The Philippine government has continuously strived to integrate gender in its migration-related legislation. This is evident in the passing of the Republic Act 10801, known as the Overseas Workers Welfare Administration Law. The Law is the result of a comprehensive CEDAW-based legal review of the migration laws supported by UN Women. The Overseas Workers Welfare Administration Law is an example of an effective partnership where UN Women supports Member States through tools and frameworks that are internationally accepted, in particular CEDAW.

Follow-up and review of SDGs - Migration Governance Framework (MiGOF)

Mexico, IOM

• Solution or approach:MiGOF has three main objectives: to ensure safe and dignified migration, to focus on the nexus between migration and development, and to incorporate the mobility aspect of crisis situations. In the pilot phase, an attempt has been made to produce a Migration Governance Index, which has been done together with Member States, particularly Mexico, and other partners like the Economist Intelligence Unit. Mexico was one of the 15 countries that took part in the pilot study for MiGOF.

Compulsory Migrant Health Insurance (CMHI)

Thailand

• Policy challenge:Thailand has achieved universal health coverage for the entire Thai population. However, non-Thai citizens who make up 6% of the total population, including registered and undocumented migrant workers, have been left behind.
• Solution or approach:The Ministry of Public Health launched the Compulsory Migrant Health Insurance (CMHI) program as a pilot project in 1994, which was later formalized by the Thai cabinet resolution in 2001. Through the One-Stop Service Centres (OSSC), registered and undocumented migrants have been able to apply for work permits and receive temporary work permit pending nationality verification process. As a result, around 1.6 million migrant health insurance.

Gender on the Move:Working on the Migration-Development Nexus from a Gender Perspective

Republic of Moldova, UN Women

• Solution or approach:UN Women developed the Gender on the Move manual in 2013 as a resource for building the gender analysis capacity of an array of actors engaged in migration development, including civil society and governments at all levels and was piloted in Moldova. It has been used as a key reference in ensuring that policy interventions under the national strategy – “Diaspora 2025” – are gender-sensitive.

ACP – EU Migration Action:A facility for Member States of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACO) Group of States on readmission, remittances and visas, human trafficking and smuggling

Kenya, European Commission, ACP-EU Migration Action

• Policy challenge:Maximizing the positive impact of migration on development is a priority policy and one of the cornerstones of the European Union (EU)’s overarching framework for external migration and asylum policy
• Solution or approach:To tap into the potential benefits of migration and of mobility, the ACP-EU dialogue on migration was set up, whereby experts meet from both sides to discuss and agree on joint objectives and priorities. The dialogue has resulted in concrete recommendations in migration-related areas such as visas, remittances, re-admission and the trafficking of human beings and smuggling of migrants.

A Study on Reducing Recruitment and Migration Costs: A facility for Member States of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACO) Group of States on readmission, remittances and visas, human trafficking and smuggling

Kenya, European Commission, ACP-EU Migration Action

• Policy challenge:Maximizing the positive impact of migration on development is a priority policy and one of the cornerstones of the European Union (EU)’s overarching framework for external migration and asylum policy
• Solution or approach:To tap into the potential benefits of migration and of mobility, the ACP-EU dialogue on migration was set up, whereby experts meet from both sides to discuss and agree on joint objectives and priorities. The dialogue has resulted in concrete recommendations in migration-related areas such as visas, remittances, re-admission and the trafficking of human beings and smuggling of migrants.

A Study on Reducing Recruitment and Migration Costs– KNOMAD Thematic Working Group on Low-skilled Labor Migration

Philippines, ILO, KNOMAD

• Solution or approach:The ILO and the World Bank conducted a survey to determine the real costs of migration, measured not only in terms of recruitment fees, but also the comparably lower wages, poor working conditions, exploitation and other distortions. The survey aimed at developing a database comparable across migration corridors and, thereby, contribute to setting a global agenda and help policymakers formulate evidence-based policies on how to reduce migration costs. The study revealed that reducing migration costs increases migrants’ disposable income and maximizes the development benefits of labour mobility

Dashboard of Indicators for Measuring Policy Coherence for Migration and Development

Switzerland, Bosnia and Herzegovina, OECD Development Center

• Solution or approach:The dashboard is a tool that aims to help policy makers (i) take stock of their existing policies and institutional arrangements in different sectors related to migration and development and (ii) consider what policies and institutional mechanisms may be needed to maximise the positive impact of migration on development. The project aims to link the main outcome of each policy dimension to one of the migration-related targets of the SDG and thus serves as a useful tool for integrating migration into national strategies and policies for realizing the SDGs.

GMG Handbook on Measuring Migration and Development

IOM, UNDESA, GMG Working Group on Data and Research

• Solution or approach:The GMG Working Group on Data and Research led the production of the Migration and Development Data Handbook, with the objective to provide practical guidance to policymakers and practitioners on the measurement of international migration and its impact on development. The handbook presents the collective experience of 15 members of the Global Migration Group and highlights and shares information on innovative practices and lessons learned. Furthermore, the handbook provides recommendations to address data gaps.

Human Rights of Migrants Indicators

Mexico, OHCHR, KNOMAD Thematic Working Group on Migrant Rights and Social Aspects of Migration

• Policy challenge:There is an existing knowledge gap on the human rights of migrants, particularly undocumented migrants.
• Solution or approach:The KNOMAD Thematic Working Group on Migrant Rights and Social Aspects of Migration presented its work on Human Rights Indicators for Migrants and their Families. Statistical information is essential to assessing progress in the translation of human rights commitments into law, policy and practice. The available data is usually about data stocks and flows, and eludes such issues of rights to education, health, labour, and livelihood.

The AMEDIP project: strengthening diaspora policy through South-South Expert Exchanges

Cabo Verde, Mali, ICMPD

• Solution or approach:The overall objective of the project is 'to enhance the institutional capacities of national authorities charged with migration and development to better harness the contributions of their diaspora communities'

Gender on the Move:Working on the migration-development nexus from a gender perspective

UN Women

• Solution or approach:The training manual Gender on the Move: Working on the Migration-Development Nexus from a Gender Perspective aims to build the gender analysis capacity of an array of actors working on topics related to migration and development.

IRIS:Addressing unfair recruitment and bridging international regulatory gaps in labour recruitment in countries of origin and destination

IOM

• Solution or approach:The International Recruitment Integrity System (IRIS) is an international voluntary “ethical recruitment” framework that benefits all stakeholders in the labour migration process. IRIS provides a platform for addressing unfair recruitment and bridge international regulatory gaps governing labour recruitment in countries of origin and destination.

Assessing the economic contribution of labour migration in developing countries as countries of destination

OECD Development Centre, European Commission

• Solution or approach: In 2014, the OECD Development Centre, in collaboration with ILO, initiated a three-and-a-half-year project, co-financed by the EU Thematic Programme on Migration and Asylum. The project assesses the economic contribution of labour migration in developing countries as countries of destination.

GFMD 2012 banner project on labour mobility and skills development

Mauritius, AfDB

• Solution or approach:The GFMD 2012 banner initiative intends to provide migrant business grants, mobilize diaspora investment and improve human capital by examining issues of jobless growth, barriers to talent mobility and skills development efficiencies in Africa. Three elements are needed to move the process forward, namely, political commitment, intra-African foreign direct investments and public-private project implementation.

Mainstreaming Migration into National Development Planning’

Switzerland

• Solution or approach: Supported jointly by IOM and UNDP, the mainstreaming pilot project aims to systematically increase national assessments of migration and development inter-linkages, promote national institutional coordinated structures and strengthen the UN capacity to deliver, particularly through the GMG agencies. Phase 1 of the pilot project, resulted in the implementation of the process beside long-term development strategies for Jamaica and Moldova , as well as an enhanced inter-agency and UN field agent collaboration within the pilot countries. Switzerland launched Phase 2 of the pilot project through the PfP in September 2012.

Informal Inquiry on Migration Profiles (MPs)/Extended Migration Profiles (EMPs)

IOM

• Solution or approach:The MPs were first conceived as a concise statistical report prepared for both countries of origin and destination that drew together data from a wide range of sources. Over time, it has evolved into a more elaborate process involving consultation with many different actors, in an effort to help identify and develop strategies to address data gaps, produce the evidence required to manage migration effectively, and promote a coherent and coordinated discussion and policy-making between ministries and other stakeholders.

Migration European Union Expertise(MIEUX)

Costa Rica, European Commission

• Solution or approach:EU-funded and ICMPD-implemented, MIEUX is a peer-to-peer knowledge exchange approach supporting migration-related policy development through short-term technical assistance, training, and deployment of experts.

Handbook on Engaging Diaspora for Development

IOM / Migration Policy Institute (MPI)

• Solution or approach:State governments recognize the value diaspora populations bring to development efforts worldwide. This handbook continues that effort on the basis of earlier investigations by the book’s collaborating institutions, the academic and policy literature, consultations and in-depth interviews with government officials and nongovernmental actors, and input by 62 national governments.

Migration Profiles Repository

Philippines, IOM

• Solution or approach: The Repository illustrates clearly the added value of the PfP as a neutral space for compiling not only all the existing MPs, but also offering information and guidance tools about the MPs/EMPs in general and, more importantly, the oftentimes challenging process of developing MPs/EMPs. It was also stressed that governments must keep the ownership of the MPs/EMPs even though international organizations, the civil society, and other actors also take part in their conceptualization and implementation.

Program to facilitate school education for foreign children

Japan

• Solution or approach:Japan presented its program which has been implemented since 2009 by the Ministry of Education, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) in partnership with the IOM. The objective is to establish classrooms where Japanese language and general study lessons can be dispensed to students who have stopped attending school due to economic difficulties. Since its inception, over 5,000 children have participated in this program.

EU Global Approach to Migration and Mobility

European Union

• Solution or approach:The aim is to establish strategic partnerships with various countries. Emphasis was placed on the concept of “mobility” that is broader than migration, as it encompasses short term mobility. This Global Approach was designed to be migrant‐centered, as it also addresses issues of protection, asylum and social costs.

Prague Process

Czech Republic

• Solution or approach:The “Prague Process” involves 50 countries in the EU but also others in the Commonwealth of Independent States and Turkey. It is based on three basic principles: 1) a comprehensive approach that takes into account all migration aspects, 2) the idea of partnership on equal footing, and 3) a focus on achieving concrete goals.

Rabat Process&Spain-ECOWAS Fund for Migration and Development

Spain

• Solution or approach:The Rabat Process is grounded on the principles of mutual trust and shared responsibility. Spain also briefly presented the Fund for Migration, which has been running in partnership with 15 ECOWAS countries since 2007. It has been increasingly successful and 24 projects focusing on fighting human trafficking and institutional strengthening have been funded to date.

Handbook on Engaging Diasporas in Development Activities in both Host and Home Countries

• Solution or approach:The Handbook is intended to be a tool for governments of both origin and destination countries, as they seek to involve their diasporas more closely in development efforts. It will identify promising and productive practices for diaspora engagement, as well as key constraints and innovative ways in which governments, often in partnership with civil society, have overcome these constraints.

Protecting Unaccompanied Migrant Children

• Solution or approach: This project is an initiative of the Government of Mexico to better protect unaccompanied migrant children.

Informal Inquiry on Developing Migration Profiles

• Solution or approach:More than 70 “first generation” migration profiles have been completed to date by various agencies, with many more in process. They have evolved from a brief snapshot of migration situations to a more elaborate government-led process that promotes data collection and policy coherence through the involvement of many stakeholders, including the civil society.